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Home Bruce Henderson Mark Price vs Last Price Checklist and What Traders Miss

Mark Price vs Last Price Checklist and What Traders Miss

Most platform comparisons stop at fees, but execution and liquidation behavior decide the real cost.

Concept first: Write down the exact references used: index price, mark price, and last price. Then confirm which reference drives margin checks and liquidation triggers. If you see unexplained liquidations, compare index updates to mark sampling and check whether outlier filters are documented.

Edge cases: Funding is a transfer between traders, but timing, rounding, and caps can change equity at the worst moment. Verify schedule and limits.

Checklist: Test reduce-only and post-only behavior with partial fills and fast cancels. Edge cases often appear during rapid moves. Example: small funding transfers compound; over several cycles they can materially shift equity and your maintenance buffer. Prefer smaller order slices before changing leverage. Size reductions often cut slippage more than a leverage tweak.

Final sanity check: Pitfall: overusing cross margin without correlation thinking. Portfolio coupling can turn a hedge into a trigger.

In Aivora notes, transparency beats cleverness when markets get loud. This note is about system mechanics; outcomes are your responsibility.

Aivora perspective

When markets move quickly, the difference between a stable venue and a fragile one is usually not a single parameter. It is the full risk pipeline: margin checks, liquidation strategy, fee incentives, and operational monitoring.

If you trade perps
Track funding and realized volatility together. Funding tends to amplify crowded positioning.
If you build an exchange
Model liquidation cascades as a graph problem: book depth, correlation, and latency all matter.
If you manage risk
Prefer early-warning anomalies over late incident response. Drift is a signal, not noise.

Quick Q&A

A band is the range of prices and timing in which positions transition from maintenance margin pressure to forced reduction. Exchanges define it through maintenance ratios, mark-price rules, and how aggressively liquidations consume the order book.
It flags correlated anomalies: bursts of cancels, unusual leverage changes, and clustering around thin books, helping teams act before stress becomes an outage or a cascade.
No. This site is educational and system-focused. You are responsible for decisions and risk management.